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XuetangX

固体化学

Beijing Jiaotong University via XuetangX

Overview

通过该课程的学习,学生能够了解材料的基础化学及物理结构,理解材料结构与材料特性之间的关联,掌握纳米材料研究实践中所需要的一些基本方法及手段,使学生建立材料结构-特性相关性的基础认知,获得应用专业基础知识及分析、解决问题的能力。课程的主要内容包括:固体的晶体结构与成键,固体材料的合成,材料研究中的热分析技术和晶体衍射,晶体中的缺陷及非化学计量,固体溶液以及固态体系的相图等。

This course has several objectives, and its main goal is to introduce the mandatory knowledge for a good understanding of Chemistry of the Solid State, with a focus on chemistry of (Nano) materials, and more specifically a first approach of material design for nanomaterials. The main contents of this course include: crystal structures and bonding in solids; introduction to diffraction, solid state synthesis, and thermal analysis techniques employed in the study of materials; defects, non-stoichiometry, and solid solutions; phase diagrams for solid systems. As a result, along this course, a continuous emphasis will be provided on the identification of descriptors at any steps of the scientific process, descriptors being defined as descriptive parameters that inform quantitatively on a structure or mechanism.

Syllabus

  • Introduction of the course
    • Chapter One: Simple crystal structures
      • close packing
      • body center and primitive structure
      • the solid state
      • points, directions, and planes in crystal
      • packing efficiency
      • ionic solids
      • radius ratios
      • symmetry
      • practice questions
      • Chapter one: homework
    • Chapter two: Preparative methods
      • ceramic methods
      • microwave synthesis
      • sol-gel method
      • hydrothermal method
      • chemical vapor transport
      • precursor method
      • Chapter two: homework
    • Chapter three: X-ray diffraction
      • how X-ray diffraction works
      • bragg’s law
      • cubic structure determination
      • X-ray intensity
      • neutron diffraction
      • other physical methods for characterizing solids
      • Chapter three: homework
    • Chapter four: Phase diagram
      • basic concepts of phase diagram
      • binary alloy phase diagram
      • binary-eutectics system
      • the iron-carbon system
    • Chapter five: Bonding in solids and electronic properties
      • free electron theory
      • electrical conductivity
      • molecular orbital theory
      • semiconductors
      • dopants in silicon
      • Chapter five: homework
    • Chapter six: Device fabrication
      • device fabrication process
      • functional devices
      • practice questions
    • Chapter seven: Defect and non-stoichiometry
      • introduction of defects
      • intrinsic defects
      • extrinsic defects
      • defect reaction
      • examples of defect reaction
      • concentration of extrinsic defect
      • Chapter seven: homework
    • Chapter eight: Properties of solids
      • optical properties of solids
      • the ruby laser
    • Final Exam

      Taught by

      Qiuhong Cui

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