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MIT OpenCourseWare

Second Law, Entropy, and Maximum Entropy Principles in Advanced Thermodynamics - Lecture 2

MIT OpenCourseWare via YouTube

Overview

Explore advanced thermodynamics concepts in this comprehensive MIT lecture focusing on the Second Law of Thermodynamics and entropy principles. Delve into fundamental topics including reversible processes, adiabatic availability, mutual equilibrium, and the definition of temperature in thermal reservoirs. Master key concepts such as entropy balance, available energy, and the maximum entropy principle while examining the relationship between system states, properties, and time evolution. Learn about the Hatsopoulos-Keenan and Kelvin-Planck statements of the Second Law, along with their proofs and implications. Understand the engineering applications of entropy, including its additivity properties and role in weight processes. Conclude with an in-depth analysis of state principles, fundamental relations, and their partial derivatives. For optimal learning efficiency, viewing at 1.5x speed is recommended.

Syllabus

- Introduction
- Review: Course Objectives: Part I
- The Loaded Meaning of the Word System
- The Loaded Meaning of the Word Property
- What Exactly Do We Mean by the Word State?
- General Laws of Time Evolution
- Time Evolution, Interactions, Process
- Definition of Weight Process
- Main Consequence of the First Law: Energy
- Energy Balance Equation
- States: Steady/Unsteady/Equilibrium/Nonequilibrium
- Equilibrium States: Unstable/Metastable/Stable
- Hatsopoulos-Keenan Statement of the Second Law
- Consequences of First and Second Law together
- Theorem: Kelvin-Planck Statement of the Second Law
- Proof of the Kelvin-Planck Statement
- What Exactly Do We Mean by Reversible Process?
- Second Part of the Statement of the Second Law
- Definition of Adiabatic Availability
- Criterion for Reversibility of a Weight Process
- Mutual Equilibrium and Thermal Reservoir
- Feasibility of Standard Reversible Weight Process
- Definition of Temperature of a Thermal Reservoir
- Definition of Property Entropy
- Available Energy w.r.to a Thermal Reservoir
- Entropy: Engineering Meaning and Additivity
- Entropy Cannot Decrease in a Weight Process
- Criteria for Reversibility of a Weight Process
- Exchangeability of Entropy via Interactions
- Entropy Balance Equation
- Maximum Entropy and Minimum Energy Principles
- State Principle and Fundamental Relation
- Partial Derivatives of the Fundamental Relation

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MIT OpenCourseWare

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