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XuetangX

Thermodynamics: Fundamentals

Beijing Jiaotong University via XuetangX

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Overview

This course is an English version of the China national first-class undergraduate course "Engineering Thermodynamics".

Been an essential part of engineering curricula all over the world, Thermodynamics: Fundamentals and Applications, is a basic engineering theoretical science which studies the thermodynamic properties of matter and the conversion between thermal energy and other energies. It has a broad application area ranging from microscopic organisms to common household appliances, transportation vehicles, power generation systems, and even philosophy. The curriculum tasks are to help students master the basic theory and knowledge of energy conversion, have the ability to analyze and calculate the thermal equipment, and put forward the ways to improve the conversion efficiency. Through the study of the course knowledge systematically, especially by the implementation of research-based teaching mode, the reinforcement of engineering practical problem analysis and the training projects, students can improve the ability to actively acquire knowledge, the analyzing and judging abilities of combining theory with practice and engineering problems of their major, the comprehensive quality of scientific research and technological innovation, and a solid foundation can be provided for students to study the follow-up courses. The study of this course can provide students with necessary theoretical knowledge and technical ability for the scientific research, design, experiment and management of thermal energy and power engineering. Students are assumed to have an adequate background in calculus and physics.

Syllabus

  • Project 1 Basic concepts
    • 1-1 System
    • 1-2 State and equilibrium of a system
    • 1-3 Properties of a system
    • 1-4 Temperature
    • 1-5 Pressure
    • 1-6 Processes & Cycles
  • Project 2 The first law of thermodynamics
    • 2-1 Essence of the first law of thermodynamics
    • 2-2 Internal energy and total energy
    • 2-3 The first law of thermodynamics
    • 2-4 Energy equation of control volume
    • 2-5 Energy equation of steady-flow
    • 2-6 Relations of energy equations and heat to work
    • 2-7 Engineering applications of energy equations
    • 2-8 Calculations of work and heat
  • Project 3 The second law of thermodynamics
    • 3-1 Tasks of the second law of thermodynamics
    • 3-2 Reversible and irreversible processes
    • 3-3 Entropy flow and entropy production
    • 3-4 Entropy equation
    • 3-5 The entropy equation simplification and the increase of entropy principle
    • 3-6 Statements of the second law
    • 3-7 Equivalence of various statements
    • 3-8 Carnot principles
    • 3-9 The Carnot cycle
    • 3-10 Clausius integral
    • 3-11 Exergy: Work potential of energy
    • 3-12 Exergy of thermal energy and its irreversible loss
    • 3-13 Flowing fluid: Exergy and its destruction
    • 3-14 Working fluid: Exergy and its destruction
    • 3-15 Discussions on exergy destruction
    • 3-16 Exergy balance: Closed system
    • 3-17 The second-law efficiency
    • 3-18 The thermodynamics temperature scale
  • Project 4 Properties of gases
    • 4-1 Real gas and ideal gas
    • 4-2 The ideal gas equation of state
    • 4-3 Specific heat
    • 4-4 Specific heat, internal energy and enthalpy of ideal gas
    • 4-5 Calculations of du and dh for ideal gases
    • 4-6 Entropy change of ideal gas
    • 4-7 Changes of u and h for Solids and Liquids
    • 4-8 Deviation of real gas from ideal gas
    • 4-9 Van der Waals equation of state
    • 4-10 Other equations of state for real gases
  • Project 5 Thermodynamic property relations and generalized charts
    • 5-1 Characteristic function
    • 5-2 Mathematical characteristics of continuous functions
    • 5-3 Thermal coefficients
    • 5-4 Maxwell relations
    • 5-5 General relations for ds
    • 5-6 General relations for du and dh
    • 5-7 General relations of specific heats
    • 5-8 Specific heat ratio
    • 5-9 Phase diagram of pure substance
    • 5-10 Gibbs phase rule, Clapeyron equation and saturated vapor pressure equation
    • 5-11 The principle of corresponding states
    • 5-12 The generalized compressibility chart
    • 5-13 Generalized enthalpy departure chart
    • 5-14 Generalized entropy departure chart
  • Project 6 Properties of water vapor
    • 6-1 Saturated water vapor
    • 6-2 Generation of water vapor (constant-pressure)
    • 6-3 Charts and tables of properties of water vapor
    • 6-4 Basic thermal processes of water vapor
  • Project 7 Ideal gas mixture and humid air
    • 7-1 Composition of a gas mixture
    • 7-2 p-V-T behavior of gas mixture
    • 7-3 Properties of gas mixture
    • 7-4 Dry and atmospheric air
    • 7-5 Humidity of atmospheric air
    • 7-6 Dew-point temperature
    • 7-7 Adiabatic saturation and wet-bulb temperature
    • 7-8 Enthalpy of moist air and h-d chart
    • 7-9 Specific relative humidity and general psychrometric chart
    • 7-10 Wet air processes and applications
  • Project 8 Thermodynamic processes for an ideal gas
    • 8-1 Isochoric process
    • 8-2 Isobaric and isothermal processes
    • 8-3 Isentropic process
    • 8-4 Polytropic process
    • 8-5 No-work processes
    • 8-6 Adiabatic process
    • 8-7 Constant volume mixing process
    • 8-8 Flow mixing process
    • 8-9 Inflating process
    • 8-10 Deflating process
  • Project 9 Gas flow process
    • 9-1 One-dimensional isentropic steady flow
    • 9-2 Speed of sound and Mach number
    • 9-3 Variation of fluid velocity with flow area
    • 9-4 Fluid velocity and flow rate
    • 9-5 The effects of back pressure
    • 9-6 Adiabatic flow with friction
    • 9-7 Flow rate, work loss and exergy destruction
    • 9-8 Compression process in a compressor
    • 9-9 Minimizing the compression work
    • 9-10 Adiabatic throttling process
  • Project 10 Gas power cycles
    • 10-1 Basic considerations for thermodynamic cycles
    • 10-2 Idealizations of high-speed compression-ignition engine
    • 10-3 Optimization of Dual cycle
    • 10-4 Otto cycle and its optimization
    • 10-5 Diesel cycle and its optimization
    • 10-6 Atkinson cycle and its optimization
    • 10-7 Miller cycle and the optimizations
    • 10-8 Brayton cycle and the optimization
    • 10-9 The regenerative Brayton cycle
    • 10-10 Brayton cycle with Intercooling, reheating, and regeneration
    • 10-11 The generalized T-s diagram gas power cycles
    • 10-12 Optimization of the regenerative Brayton cycle
    • 10-13 Jet-propulsion cycles
  • Project 11 Steam power cycles
    • 11-1 The Carnot vapor cycle
    • 11-2 The Rankine cycle
    • 11-3 Energy analysis and the deviation
    • 11-4 Methods to increase the efficiency
    • 11-5 The ideal reheat Rankine cycle
    • 11-6 The ideal regenerative Rankine cycle
    • 11-7 Cogeneration power cycle
    • 11-8 A 2nd-law analysis of vapor power cycle
    • 11-9 Combined gas-vapor power cycles
  • Project 12 Refrigeration and heat pump cycles
    • 12-1 Reverse Carnot cycle
    • 12-2 Air-compression refrigeration
    • 12-3 Regenerative air-compression refrigeration
    • 12-4 Vapor-compression refrigeration
    • 12-5 Refrigerants and heat pump system
    • 12-6 Absorption refrigeration systems
    • 12-7 Innovative vapor-compression refrigeration systems
  • Project 13 Fundamentals of Chemical Thermodynamics
    • 13-1 An overview of fuels and combustion
    • 13-2 Combustion processes
    • 13-3 Enthalpy of formation and enthalpy of combustion
    • 13-4 Energy equation for a chemical reaction system
    • 13-5 Hess's Law and Kirchhoff's Law
    • 13-6 Entropy change of reacting systems
    • 13-7 Maximum useful work
    • 13-8 Chemical potential
    • 13-9 Chemical potential for ideal gas and Fugacity
    • 13-10 Evaluating Gibbs function
    • 13-11 Reaction direction and chemical Equilibrium
    • 13-12 The equilibrium constant
    • 13-13 The adiabatic flame temperature
    • 13-14 The 3rd Law and the absolute entropy
  • Project 14 Thermodynamic analyses of fuel cells
    • 14-1 Introduction to fuel cell
    • 14-2 Energy equation for fuel cell
    • 14-3 Output work of fuel cell
    • 14-4 Output voltage
    • 14-5 Types and systems of fuel cell
  • Final exam
    • Final exam

Taught by

Boshu He and Chaojun Wang

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