Explore the intricate relationship between humans and ecosystems in this thought-provoking lecture from the 2015 Stanislaw Ulam Memorial Lecture Series. Delve into how humans fit into and impact ecosystems through their diverse interactions with other species. Discover how the science of ecological networks can provide crucial insights into understanding human roles in ecosystems, particularly regarding resource use and consumption. Examine examples from pre-industrial hunter-gatherer and agricultural societies to uncover potential lessons for modern humans in creating a more sustainable future. Gain a fresh perspective on the traditional ecological research approach that often separates ecosystems from human influence.