The Cosmological Standard Model, its Tensions, and New Physics - Lecture 1

Explore fundamental concepts of modern cosmology in this lecture from the 3rd IAGRG School on Gravitation and Cosmology, delivered by Florian Niedermann at the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences. Delve into the complexities of the Cosmological Standard Model, examining current tensions in cosmological observations and potential implications for new physics. Learn about cutting-edge observational techniques including Cosmic Microwave Background observations, Large-Scale Structure Surveys, Supernova Cosmology, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, Gravitational Lensing, and Redshift Surveys that have revolutionized our understanding of universal parameters. Gain insights into how these methods help determine crucial cosmological measurements such as the Hubble constant, dark matter and dark energy density, space curvature, and universal composition. Part of a comprehensive two-week program designed for graduate students and researchers in cosmology, featuring expert-led lectures and tutorials covering contemporary topics in theoretical and observational cosmology.