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Explore the fascinating world of macroscopic fluctuations in hard sphere gases through this illuminating seminar presented by Isabelle Gallagher from École Normale Supérieure, Paris. Delve into recent research on rigorous theories of non-equilibrium systems in the Boltzmann-Grad limit, examining deviations from the Boltzmann equation and uncovering insights into the asymptotic dynamics of empirical density. Gain a deeper understanding of central limit theorems and large deviation bounds for short kinetic times, as Gallagher shares collaborative findings with Th. Bodineau, L. Saint-Raymond, and S. Simonella. This hour-long talk, titled "From Newton to Boltzmann, Fluctuations, and Large Deviations," offers a comprehensive look at the intersection of statistical mechanics and partial differential equations, providing valuable insights for researchers and students in applied mathematics and physics.