Virtual Functions, Pure Virtual Functions, and Abstract Classes in Object-Oriented Programming

Explore the relationship and purpose of virtual functions, pure virtual functions, and abstract classes in Object-Oriented Programming. Gain a comprehensive understanding of C++ virtual functions, their role in achieving runtime polymorphism, and how to implement them using the "virtual" keyword. Discover the concept of pure virtual functions in C++ and learn how to declare them by assigning 0 in the declaration. Delve into abstract classes, their definition as classes with at least one pure virtual function, and their significance in providing a base for inheritance. Follow along with practical examples demonstrating runtime polymorphism and the implementation of these concepts in C++.