Explore the fascinating world of marine sediments in this comprehensive 47-minute lecture on oceanography. Delve into the classification of marine sediments, their importance in paleoceanography, and the various types including lithogenous, biogenous, hydrogenous, and cosmogenous sediments. Learn about the significance of grain size, texture, and environmental factors in sediment formation and distribution. Discover the role of calcium carbonate in biogenic sediments, the concept of Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD), and the global distribution of modern calcium carbonate sediments. Examine unique formations like manganese nodules, phosphates, and evaporites. Gain insights into the mixture of sediment types in different oceanic regions and understand the distinction between pelagic and neritic sediment distribution. Conclude with an overview of worldwide marine sediment thickness, providing a holistic understanding of the ocean floor's composition and its implications for Earth's geological history.
Overview
Syllabus
Intro
Classification of Marine Sediments
Paleoceanography and Marine Sediments Paleoceanography - study of how
Lithogenous Quartz and Wind Transport
Grain Size One of the most important sediment properties Proportional to energy of transportation and deposition
Texture and Environment Texture indicates environmental energy
Biogenous Sediment Hard remains of once-living
Calcium Carbonate in Biogenic Sediments Coccolithophores
Distribution of Biogenous Sediments Depends on three
Neritic Deposits Dominated by lithogenous sediment, may contain biogenous sediment · Carbonate Deposits
Calcareous Ooze and the CCD Scarce calcareous ooze below 5000 meters (16,400 fot) in modern ocean
Distribution of Modern Calcium Carbonate Sediments
Hydrogenous Marine Sediments Minerals precipitate
Manganese Nodules Fist sized lumps of manganese, iron and other metals
Phosphates and Carbonates Phosphates - Phosphorus-bearing
Metal Sulfides Metal sulfides Contain
Evaporites Evaporites
Cosmogenous Marine Sediments Macroscopic meteor debris
Marine Sediment Mixtures Usualy mixture of different sediment types Typicaly one sediment type dominates in different areas of the Sea
Pelagic and Neritic Sediment Distribution
Worldwide Marine Sediment Thickness
Taught by
Earth and Space Sciences X
