Obstetric Ultrasound: Normal vs Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) - Placental Insufficiency

Explore the intricacies of obstetric ultrasound in this comprehensive video, focusing on distinguishing normal fetal development from Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) and placental insufficiency. Delve into the key biometric parameters used for fetal growth assessment, including Femur Length (FL), Humeral Length (HL), Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Head Circumference (HC), and Abdominal Circumference (AC). Learn how to interpret these measurements in relation to gestational age and understand the significance of Estimated Fetal Weight (EFW) calculations. Examine the characteristic features of IUGR, such as abnormal growth percentiles, oligohydramnios, and changes in HC/AC ratios. Gain insights into advanced ultrasound techniques, including Doppler studies of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and uterine artery. Understand the implications of absent or reversed end-diastolic flow, abnormal pulsatility and resistive indices, and the brain-sparing effect in IUGR cases. Master the interpretation of complex ultrasound findings to effectively diagnose and monitor fetal growth restrictions and placental insufficiency.