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Explore Napoleon's Peninsular Campaigns in this 20-minute educational video created by Sal Khan. Delve into the complex military operations of French forces in the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic era. Learn about the French retreat, guerrilla warfare tactics employed by local resistance, and the impact of Austria's declaration of war. Examine the timeline of events, including Napoleon's excommunication, and understand how these campaigns fit into the broader context of European history. Gain insights into the strategic challenges faced by Napoleon's army and the lasting consequences of this conflict on the French Empire. Access this free, comprehensive lesson as part of Khan Academy's World History series, which covers a wide range of historical topics from ancient civilizations to modern times.