Mastering S3 and S4 - Learn Third and Fourth Heart Sounds

Explore the intricacies of third and fourth heart sounds in this comprehensive cardiology lecture. Delve into the genesis, patterns, and clinical significance of S3 and S4 heart sounds. Learn to differentiate between ventricular gallop, atrial gallop, quadruple gallop, and summation gallop. Examine the causes and implications of these abnormal heart sounds in various cardiac conditions. Gain valuable insights into using diastolic heart sounds alongside ECG for improved diagnosis of ventricular dysfunction and early detection of myocardial ischemia. Master the skills of auscultation, including intensity, pitch, location, and timing of heart sounds for accurate cardiac assessment.