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Explore the development of case-insensitive file systems in Linux through this conference talk. Learn about the reasoning behind implementing in-kernel case-insensitive name lookups and the new Unicode interface for Ext4 being merged into the Mainline Linux kernel. Discover the historical context of file and directory name treatment in Unix kernels compared to Windows and MacOS. Delve into topics such as internationalization support, Unicode normalization, kernel API, build process, character lookup, and the Unicode subsystem. Gain insights into the semantics, performance considerations, and current status of this filesystem enhancement. Understand the basic idea and details behind this implementation, and how it addresses the need for encoding information in kernelspace.