Constraints on Quantum Gravity - From Holographic Principles to Swampland Conditions

Explore a physics colloquium lecture where Caltech's Hiroshi Oguri delves into the fundamental constraints of quantum gravity and its low energy effective theory. Learn why unifying general relativity with quantum mechanics presents significant challenges, and discover how the holographic principle serves as a guiding framework for this unification. Examine the development of constraints on symmetry in quantum gravity over the past decade, and investigate the implications of swampland conditions - a set of conjectural constraints on low energy effective theories. Gain insights into how these theoretical developments are shaping our understanding of quantum gravity, despite its predictions typically manifesting at extremely high energy levels.