Basal Ganglia - Structure and Function - Neuroanatomy

Explore the intricate structure and function of the basal ganglia in this comprehensive neuroanatomy lecture. Delve into the basic anatomy of brain structures, including the thalami, caudate and lentiform nuclei, and internal capsule. Learn about the classification of basal ganglia, both traditional and clinical, and understand the roles of various pathways such as corticostriatal, direct, indirect, and nigrostriatal. Examine the neurotransmitters involved, including glutaminergic, GABAergic, and dopaminergic systems. Investigate basal ganglia lesions and their effects, covering hypokinetic disorders like Parkinsonism and hyperkinetic conditions such as Huntington's disease, chorea, and dystonia. Gain insights into drug-induced movement disorders and the impact of dopamine receptor blockers. This in-depth exploration of neuroanatomy provides a solid foundation for understanding movement disorders and basal ganglia function.