Acids and Acid Derivatives - Reactions and Spectroscopy

Explore the chemistry of acids and acid derivatives in this 50-minute lecture from Yale University's Freshman Organic Chemistry II course. Delve into reactions of carboxylic acids and their salts, including nucleophilic substitution and decarboxylation. Review IR spectroscopy of acid derivatives, focusing on vibrational coupling in structure determination. Examine the interconversion of acid derivatives through tetrahedral intermediates and learn how acidity differences drive reactions to completion. Investigate the challenges of designing selective reactions in acid derivative reduction. Study acidic and basic mechanisms for converting nitriles to carboxylic acids, explore ketene routes to acid derivatives, and understand the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketones to esters as an example of atom insertion into acyl-R bonds.