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Learn about alpha-emitting radioactive elements (actinides) in this introductory lecture segment from the 113th Kyoto University Marunouchi Seminar presented by Professor Asao Yamamura of the Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science. Explore how alpha particles from radioactive waste demonstrate both potential threats and medical breakthroughs, particularly in cancer treatment. Discover the development of drug delivery systems using Actinium-225, derived from Uranium-233, and their remarkable success in treating metastatic cancers. Understand the challenges of studying minute quantities of nuclear materials and research efforts to reduce the management timeframe of long-lived radioactive waste from 1 million to 200 years. Gain insights into the academic framework needed for alpha-emitting elements, including applications related to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident debris.