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Forest and Tree Pathology

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Overview






The term “tree disease” covers a wide range of pathogenic infections, abnormalities, and disturbances of the normal structure and growth of a tree. Tree diseases lead to poor growth of trees and decrease of annual growth of wood, some diseases cause the death of whole trees and even the decline of a large area of forest. Forest and tree disease is a kind of very common natural disasters. In history, some tree diseases have caused serious ecological damage or great economic losses, such as dutch elm disease, chestnut blight, cytospora canker of hardwood, and so on.

The research object of forest and tree pathology is the diseases of forest trees, including urban greening and ornamental and shrub trees diseases.

The appearance and commercial and recreational use of forested land is greatly affected by diseases, insects, fire, and adverse weather.Of these, diseases and wood decay cause the greatest losses and present the greatest threat to tree growth, outranking all other agents in destructiveness. Infection process of tree diseases is relatively long because of the long growth period of trees. Many diseases cause people's obvious attention, only after causing obvious disasters, this is because the occurrence and development of tree diseases have great concealment.

Welcome to the class of forest and tree pathology.This course will lead you to learn the causes of forest diseases, occurrence conditions, biological characteristics of biotic factors, symptoms, disease cycle and control measures of various forest diseases.The course is not only convenient for us to learn the content of forest and tree pathology, but also help us to learn and improve professional English.




Syllabus

  • CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION TO DISEASES
    • 1-1 INTRODUCTION
    • 1-2 DEFINTION OF DISEASE AND TYPES OF DISEASES
    • 1-3 THE DISEASE TRIANGLE, SQUARE, OR TETRATHEDRON
    • 1-4 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE
  • CHAPTER TWO ABIOTIC (NONBIOLOGICAL) INJURIES
    • 2-1 THE PATTERN OF ABIOTIC INJURIES
    • 2-2 INJURIES CAUSED BY TEMPERATURE EXTREMES
    • 2-3 LOW AND HIGH MOISTURE AND LOW SOIL OXYGEN
    • 2-4 AIR POLLUTION
    • 2-5 NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES
    • 2-6 SALT INJURY
  • CHAPTER THREE DISEASE-CAUSING ORGANISMS
    • 3-1 Fungi
    • 3-2 FUNGI IDENTIFICATION and HOW FUNGI CAUSE DISEASES IN TREES
    • 3-3 SPREAD AND ECOLOGY OF FUNGI
  • CHAPTER FOUR BACTERIA
    • 4-1 Bacteria ---INTRODUCTION
    • 4-2 BACTERIAL DISEASES OF TREES---Crown Gall
    • 4-3 BACTERIAL DISEASES OF TREES---Fire Blight
  • CHAPTER FIVE VIRUSES
    • 5-1 VIRUSES--HOW VIRUSES CAUSE TREE DISEASE
    • 5-2 VIRUSES--VIRUS DISEASES OF TREES and TREATMENT
  • CHAPTER SIX OTHER INFECTIOUS PATHOGEN
    • 6-1 Plant pathogenic nematodes
    • 6-2 PARASITIC SEED PLANTS-Dwarf Mistletoes
    • 6-3 True or leafy mistletoes
  • CHAPTER SEVEN PARASITISM AND DISEASE DEVELOPMENT
    • 7-1 INTRODUCTION--The Concept of Disease in Plants
    • 7-2 PARASITISM AND PATHOGENICITY
    • 7-3 STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE-THE DISEASE CYCLE
    • 7-4 Prepenetration Phenomena
    • 7-5 Appressorium Formation and Maturation
    • 7-6 Penetration
    • 7-7 Infection and Invasion
    • 7-8 Growth and Reproduction of the Pathogen (Colonization)
    • 7-9 Dissemination of the Pathogen
    • 7-10 Overwintering and-or Oversummering of Pathogens
    • 7-11 FOREST DISEASE MANAGEMENT
  • CHAPTER EIGHT Leaf Diseases
    • 8-1 INTRODUCTION OF LEAF DISEASES
    • 8-2 Anthracnose
    • 8-3 Dogwood Anthracnose 山茱萸炭疽病
    • 8-4 Scab 疮痂病
    • 8-5 Powdery Mildews 白粉病
    • 8-6 Oak Leaf Blister 栎树叶疱病
    • 8-7 Tar Spot 漆斑病
    • 8-8 Hawthorn Leaf Spot or Blight 山楂叶斑病
    • 8-9 Lophodermium Needle Cast松落针病
    • 8-10 Brown Spot Needle Blight松针褐斑病
    • 8-11-叶-Marssonina Blight 杨树黑斑病
    • 8-12-叶-Powdery Mildew of Flowering Pear 梨树白粉病
  • CHAPTER NINE Stem Diseases
    • 9-1 Stem Diseases -INTRODUCTION
    • 9-2 Nectria Canker丛赤壳溃疡病
    • 9-3 Cytospora Canker 壳囊孢烂皮病(腐烂病)
    • 9-4 Chestnut Blight板栗疫病
    • 9-5 Pine Shoot Blight 松枯梢病
    • 9-6-White Pine Blister Rust 五针松疱锈病
  • CHAPTER TEN ROOT DISEASES
    • 10-1 INTRODUCTION
    • 10-2 Phytophthora Root Rots 疫霉根腐病
    • 10-3 Armillaria Root Disease 林木根朽病
    • 10-4 Root and Butt Rot Diseases Caused by Heterobasidion species 针叶树根白腐病
  • CHAPTER ELEVEN Wilt Diseases
    • 11-1 INTRODUCTION
    • 11-2 WILT DISEASES OF TREES-- Dutch Elm Disease
    • 11-3 Oak Wilt
  • CHAPTER TWELVE FOREST DECLINES-INTRODUCTION
    • 12-1 FOREST DECLINES-INTRODUCTION
    • 12-2 THE CONCEPT OF DECLINE DISEASES
    • 12-3 The Air Pollution Theory and The Ecological Theory

Taught by

Northeast Forestry University

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