ABOUT THE COURSE:The thermodynamics analysis of steam power plant is a topic of fundamental interest to Mechanical Engineering and Energy Engineering disciplines. Classically, the course on “Power Plant Engineering” is most popular in the engineering colleges of the country where only steam power cycle and its subsequent execution of power generation from steam are addressed. In this backdrop, the new the course on “Power Plant System Engineering” is proposed with advanced topics on power generation mechanisms from various energy resources. It covers fundamental aspects steam generation mechanisms (such as boilers, re-heaters, super-heaters), steam power generation units (impulse and reaction turbines), condensing units and cooling towers. With recent crises of fuel (coal) and stringent emission norms, the steam power system is normally integrated with gas power cycles through cogeneration mode of power generation. So, few contents of the course are emphasized towards gas power system. In addition, fundamental theories of power generation from non-conventional and renewable energy system are a recent inclusion in this course. The course contents are explained in simplified and lucid manner for beginners of intended audience. The scientists and practicing engineers of R&D organizations and public sector undertakings, will gain the fundamental glimpses on working principles and thermodynamic aspects of power plants. The syllabus is framed with respect to guidelines of “Mechanical/Energy Engineering” AICTE approved UG course curriculum. The methodical online teaching, problem solving approach and online evaluation will help the candidate for credit transfer for their course curriculum.INTENDED AUDIENCE: Undergraduate students of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Engineering Discipline; Faculty member associated with teaching of Thermal & Fluid Streams; Practicing engineers and Scientists in Allied Thermal StreamsPREREQUISITES: No specific pre-requisite is required but the knowledge on “Basic Thermodynamics” (commonly offered during 3rd Semester of UG Course Curriculum of Mechanical Engineering) is preferable.INDUSTRY SUPPORT: Practicing Engineers & Scientists working in power plants may get theoretical benefits of fundamental concepts on thermodynamic cycles.
Overview
Syllabus
Week 1: Review of Basic ThermodynamicsLecture 1: Concepts of system, surrounding and universe, Thermodynamic properties, Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy and irreversibilityLecture 2: Pure Substance and its Phases, Thermodynamic property diagrams, Steam tables and Mollier diagram, Perfect gasesWeek 2: Vapour Power Systems – 1Lecture 3: Introduction to steam power plant, Work ratio, Efficiency ratio, Carnot cycle and its limitationsLecture 4: Rankine cycle and its modelling, Effects of boiler and condenser pressure, Irreversibility and lossesWeek 3: Vapour Power Systems – 1Lecture 5: Improvements in Rankine cycle performance – Reheat and Superheat cycles with examplesLecture 6: Improvements in Rankine cycle performance – Regenerative Cycle with examplesLecture 7: Characteristics features of vapour power cycles: Working fluid,Supercritical pressure cycle, Binary vapour cycle, Coupled cycle,CogenerationWeek 4: Vapour Power Systems – IILecture 8: Introduction to rotodynamic machines, Impulse principle,Velocity diagrams, Blade/diagram efficiency, Blade velocity coefficient, Optimum operating condition, Stage efficiencyLecture 9: Single stage impulse turbine – de Laval turbine, Compounding of turbines: Velocity compounded impulse turbine – Curtis turbine, Pressure compounded impulse turbine – Rateau turbineWeek 5: Vapour Power Systems – IILecture 10:Axial flow reaction turbine: Reaction principle, Degree of reaction, Velocity triangles, Fixed blade/nozzle efficiency, Moving blade efficiency, Optimum operating conditions, Stage efficiencyLecture 11: efficiencies, Reheat factor, Super-saturation, Design aspects of steam turbine Blades, Turbine LossesLecture 12: Steam Nozzles: Mollier diagram, Convergent-Divergent nozzles,Critical pressure and choked flow rates, Nozzle efficiency, Velocity coefficient, Discharge coefficientWeek 6: Vapour Power Systems – IIILecture 13:Steam Generation Systems: Boilers and its classifications, Superheaters, Reheaters, Economizers, Air-preheaterLecture 14: Fuels for Steam Generation: Coal and its properties; Proximateand ultimate analysis, Coal firing, Pulverization, Crushers, Cyclone furnaceLecture 15: Combustion of Fuels: Thermochemistry, Heat of combustion,Heating value of fuels, Adiabatic combustion temperature, Thermodynamic control volume analysis of steam generatorWeek 7: Vapour Power Systems – IIILecture 16: Steam Condensers: Direct contact condensers, Spray condensers,Barometric and jet condensers, Surface condensers, Design of condensersLecture 17: Cooling Towers: Approach, Range, Psychrometric calculations for wet cooling towerLecture 18: Exergy principle and Second law efficiency, Exergy auditing of a steam power systemWeek 8: Gas Turbines and Combine d Power SystemLecture 19: Thermal circuits and components of for gas turbine system, Brayton cycle, Real gas turbine cyclesLecture 20: Modifications of Brayton cycle: Regeneration, Compressor intercooling, Turbine reheat, Water injectionWeek 9: Gas Turbines and Combine d Power SystemLecture 21: Gas turbines for aircraft propulsion, Thermal circuits and components, Turbojet engine analysis for aircraft propulsionLecture 22: Combined cycle: Gas turbine – Vapour power cycle,Cogeneration, Integrated gasification combined cycle power plantLecture 23: Energy and exergy analysis of combined gas turbine – vapour power systemWeek 10: Hydro and Renewable Energy Power Generati on SystemLecture 24: Elements of a hydro power plant, Hydraulic turbines and its classifications, Impulse and Reaction turbinesLecture 25: Energy and power from ocean waves, Ocean temperature energy conversion, Wave machines, Tidal powerWeek 11: Hydro and Renewable Energy Power Generati on SystemLecture 26: Principles of nuclear energy, Nuclear fusion and fission,Thermal-Fission reactors, Pressurized water reactor, Boiling water reactorLecture 27: Wind energy, Principles of wind power, Wind turbine, Magnus effect, Concepts of drag and lift forces on wind turbine bladesWeek 12: Hydro and Renewable Energy Power Generati on SystemLecture 28: Solar energy, Solar-electric conversion system, Solar-thermal power systems, Solar pond, Photovolatic energy conversion,Solar cellLecture 29: Geothermal energy, Hydrothermal systems, Petrothermal systems, Hybrid geothermal – fossil systems,Lecture 30: Energy storage system: Electric storage, Thermal storage,Pumped hydro, Compressed air storage, Flywheels, Thermal energy storage, Electric batteries, Magnetic storage
Taught by
Prof. Niranjan Sahoo
