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Lecture 38 Ankle Bones: Crurotarsi vs. Avemetatarsalia
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Classroom Contents
Vertebrate Paleontology
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- 1 Lecture 0 Introduction to Vertebrate Paleontology
- 2 Lecture 1 How to Grow a Vertebrate?
- 3 Lecture 2 Amphioxus, the Quintessential Chordate
- 4 Lecture 3 Our Ancestry with Sea Squirts
- 5 Lecture 4 How to Grow a Brain and Backbone. Neural Crest Cells
- 6 Lecture 5 Three Hypotheses on the Origin of Chordates
- 7 Lecture 6 Owen's Body Plan and the Fossils of Chengjiang
- 8 Lecture 7 How fossils are made?
- 9 Lecture 8 Where to Look for Fossil Vertebrates?
- 10 Lecture 9 Fossils and the Geological Time-Scale
- 11 Lecture 10 Why do Vertebrates Look that Way? Functional Morphology
- 12 Lecture 11 What is a Cladogram?
- 13 Lecture 13 Early Fish and the Origin of Bone, Scales and Teeth
- 14 Lecture 14 When Fish Lacked Jaws
- 15 Lecture 15 Living Fish Without Jaws: Hagfish and Lampreys
- 16 Lecture 16 Origin of Jaws in Fish
- 17 Lecture 17 Fossil Armored Fish and Other Primitive Jawed Fish
- 18 Lecture 18 Origin of Bony Fish, Early Actinopterygians
- 19 Lecture 19 The Evolution of Fish Jaws and Fish Tails
- 20 Lecture 20 The Difference between Lung Fish and Coelacanths
- 21 Lecture 21 How Vertebrates Conquered the Land
- 22 Lecture 22 The First Tetrapods
- 23 Lecture 23 Early Amphibians of the Paleozoic
- 24 Lecture 24 Its all in the Backbone, Vertebra in Early Tetrapods
- 25 Lecture 25 Jaw Muscles in Early Tetrapods and Amphibians
- 26 Lecture 26 The Origin of Frogs and Salamanders
- 27 Lecture 27 The Reptile Skull
- 28 Lecture 28 The Reptile Skeleton
- 29 Lecture 29 The Origin of the Extraordinary Egg
- 30 Lecture 30 Holes in the Skull: Temporal Fenestrae Patterns
- 31 Lecture 31 Who are the Early Anapsid Reptiles?
- 32 Lecture 32 Who are the Early Diapsid Reptiles?
- 33 Lecture 33 Who are the Early Synapsid Reptiles?
- 34 Lecture 33a A Closer Look at Dicynodonts
- 35 Lecture 35 Key Traits of Archosauromorpha: A new group of Diapsid Reptiles
- 36 Lecture 36 Breathing in Archosauromorphs
- 37 Lecture 37 Triassic Archosauromorphs
- 38 Lecture 38 Ankle Bones: Crurotarsi vs. Avemetatarsalia
- 39 Lecture 39 Curotarsians of the Triassic and Beyond
- 40 Lecture 40 Triassic Marine Reptiles
- 41 Lecture 41 How Triassic Reptiles Became Fast
- 42 Lecture 42 Where did the Dinosaurs come from?
- 43 Lecture 43 Prehistoric Sharks
- 44 Lecture 44 How Sharks Conquered the Oceans
- 45 Lecture 45 The Radiation of Ray-Fin Fish and the Skulls of Mimipiscis and Amia
- 46 Lecture 46 Fossil Fish Scales
- 47 Lecture 47 The Great Feeding Innovation in Fish
- 48 Lecture 48 The Modern Fish: Neopterygii and the Arrival of the Teleostei
- 49 Lecture 48a The Fossil Record of Trout
- 50 Lecture 49 Saurischian vs. Ornithischian Dinosaurs
- 51 Lecture 49a- A New Dinosaur Tree?
- 52 Lecture 50 Overview of Saurischian Dinosaurs
- 53 Lecture 50a How Tyrannosaurus rex became king of the dinosaurs
- 54 Lecture 50b Zophia’s Monster: Deinocheirus
- 55 Lecture 51 Overview of Ornithischian Dinosaurs
- 56 Lecture 51a The Story of Stegosaurus
- 57 Lecture 52 Thermoregulation in Dinosaurs
- 58 Lecture 53 Feathered Dinosaurs
- 59 Lecture 54 Pterosaurs Prehistoric Dragons
- 60 Lecture 54a Anahanguera Brazil's Pterosaurs
- 61 Lecture 55 The Origin of Turtles
- 62 Lecture 55a A new fossil in the origin of turtle debate
- 63 Lecture 56 The Turtles: Pleurodires vs. Cryptodires
- 64 Lecture 57 The Fossil Record of Lizards
- 65 Lecture 58 The Origin of Snakes
- 66 Lecture 59 Mosasaurs, Plesiosaurs and Ichthyosaurs
- 67 Lecture 60 The Skeleton of Archaeopteryx
- 68 Lecture 61 The Origin of Flight in Birds
- 69 Lecture 62 Mesozoic Birds
- 70 Lecture 63 How did Birds Survive the K-T Extinction?
- 71 Lecture 64 The Fossil Record of Cenozoic Birds
- 72 Lecture 64a Fossil Turkeys!
- 73 Lecture 65 Cynodonts: Between Reptile and Mammal
- 74 Lecture 65a Baby Kayentatherium
- 75 Lecture 66 Evolution of the Mammal Ear
- 76 Lecture 67 The Origin of Chewing in Mammals
- 77 Lecture 68 Morganucodon: The First True Mammal?
- 78 Lecture 69 The Fossil Record of Multituberculates and Monotremes
- 79 Lecture 70 The Tribosphenic Molar
- 80 Lecture 71 Why are there so many Marsupials in Australia?
- 81 Lecture 71a Have you ever heard of Taeniodonts?
- 82 Lecture 72 What is an Afrothere?
- 83 Lecture 73 Mastodons and Mammoths
- 84 Lecture 74 The Mystery of Bat Origins
- 85 Lecture 75 The Evolution of Shrews and Moles
- 86 Lecture 76 The Evolution of Rodent Jaws
- 87 Lecture 76a The Fossil Record of Hamsters
- 88 Lecture 77 How to Distinguish the astragulus bone of perissodactyls and artiodactyls.
- 89 Lecture 77a Hyopsodus: Why Common Fossils are Important
- 90 Lecture 78 Fossils and the Origin of Whales and Dolphins
- 91 Lecture 78a - What is Andrewsarchus?
- 92 Lecture 79 Extinct and Living Perissodactyla
- 93 Lecture 80 Meat Eating Mammals: Creodonts and Carnivores
- 94 Lecture 80a Hyainailouroidea Creodonts: a post-Eocene group
- 95 Lecture 80b: Fossil Record of Dogs, Foxes and Wolves
- 96 Lecture 81 Who Killed the Mega Mammals?
- 97 Lecture 81a What Killed the Mega Mammals? Update!
- 98 Lecture 82 The First Primates
- 99 Lecture 83 Primate Noses: Fossil Strepsirrihini and Haplorhini
- 100 Lecture 84 Why are there so Many Lemurs in Madagascar?
- 101 Lecture 85 The First Monkeys
- 102 Lecture 85a Rooneyia: An enigmatic fossil primate from Texas.
- 103 Lecture 86 Fossil Apes
- 104 Lecture 87 Ardipithecus and the Origin of Bipedial Walking in Humans
- 105 Lecture 88 Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Homo
- 106 Lecture 89 When did Early Humans Leave Africa?
- 107 The Story of Triceratops
- 108 The Mysterious Extinction of Multituberculates
